Abstract
TILGANGUR
D-vítamín er mikilvægt fyrir vöxt og líkamlegan þroska barna,
ekki eingöngu til að bæta beinheilsu heldur einnig vegna áhrifa
þess á aðra starfsemi líkamans. Embætti landlæknis ráðleggur að
D-vítamínþéttni í blóði sé minnst 50 nmól/l. Tilgangur rannsóknarinnar var að kanna hve stór hluti íslenskra barna og ungmenna
næðu ráðlagðri D-vítamínþéttni við 7, 9, 15 og 17 ára aldur, ásamt
því að kanna breytingar á D-vítamínþéttni yfir tíma og tengsl við
kalkvaka (parathyroid hormone status (S-PTH)).
EFNIVIÐUR OG AÐFERÐIR
Rannsóknarhópurinn samanstóð af nemendum 6 grunnskóla í
Reykjavík, fæddum árið 1999. Blóðprufur voru teknar fjórum sinnum árin 2006, 2008, 2015 og 2017. Að hluta til var um sömu börn að
ræða en fleiri bættust í hópinn árið 2015 og 2017.
NIÐURSTÖÐUR
Í öllum mælingum voru um eða yfir 60% barna með lægri þéttni
D-vítamíns í blóði en Embætti landlæknis ráðleggur. Einungis 13%
náðu viðmiðum um þéttni yfir 50 nmól/l í endurteknum mælingum
og 38,9% einstaklinganna voru með lægri en ráðlagða þéttni í
minnst tveimur blóðprufum. Ekki var marktækur munur milli kynja
nema hvað 17 ára stelpur höfðu marktækt hærra D-vítamínþéttni
en strákar (p=0,04). S-PTH hafði neikvæða fylgni við D-vítamín
við 7, 15 og 17 ára aldur en náði ekki marktækni við 9 ára aldur.
Meðaltalsgildi S-PTH var lægst við 7 ára aldur en hækkaði síðan
með aldri.
ÁLYKTUN
Þéttni D-vítamíns í blóði hjá meirihluta barna og ungmenna er
undir ráðlögðum gildum Embættis landlæknis. Hjá stórum hluta er
þéttnin endurtekið of lág. Ljóst er að auka þarf D-vítamíninntöku
hjá þessum hópi ef markmið um æskilega þéttni á að nást. Áhrif
D-vítamínskorts á lýðheilsu eru þó ekki að fullu þekkt.
Objective: Vitamin D plays a key role for children‘s growth and physical developement, not only by promoting bone health but also by its influence on extraskeletal systems. The Icelandic Directorate of Health recommends a vitamin D concentration in blood of at least 50 nmol/l. The object of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status of Icelandic children and youngsters at four different ages, and furthermore to evaluate changes in vitamin D concentrations over time and connection to parathyroid hormone status (S-PTH). Material and methods: The subjects were students from six elementary schools in Reykjavík, born in 1999. Blood tests were taken four times, in 2006, 2008, 2015 og 2017. Some of the subjects took part in all four tests, but more students joined in 2015 and 2017. Results: In all the tests, around 60% of the subjects had lower vitamin D concentrations than recommended by The Icelandic Directorate of Health. Only 13% met the recommended criteria of a concentration over 50 nmol/l in repeated tests and 38.9% of the subjects had lower concentrations than recommended in at least two tests. There was no significant difference between sexes except that 17 year old girls had significantly higher Vitamin D concentrations than boys (p=0.04). S-PTH was negatively correlated to vitamin D concentrations at ages 7, 15 and 17 but there was not a significant correlation at age 9. S-PTH values were lowest at age 7 and then increased with age. Conclusion: The majority of Icelandic children and youngsters have vitamin D concentrations under the values recommended by The Icelandic Directorate of Health. In many cases, the concentrations are repeatedly too low. It is clear that there is a need for increased vitamin D intake within this group if the goal regarding recommended concentrations is to be achieved. However, the influence of vitamin D deficiency on public health is not fully known.
Objective: Vitamin D plays a key role for children‘s growth and physical developement, not only by promoting bone health but also by its influence on extraskeletal systems. The Icelandic Directorate of Health recommends a vitamin D concentration in blood of at least 50 nmol/l. The object of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status of Icelandic children and youngsters at four different ages, and furthermore to evaluate changes in vitamin D concentrations over time and connection to parathyroid hormone status (S-PTH). Material and methods: The subjects were students from six elementary schools in Reykjavík, born in 1999. Blood tests were taken four times, in 2006, 2008, 2015 og 2017. Some of the subjects took part in all four tests, but more students joined in 2015 and 2017. Results: In all the tests, around 60% of the subjects had lower vitamin D concentrations than recommended by The Icelandic Directorate of Health. Only 13% met the recommended criteria of a concentration over 50 nmol/l in repeated tests and 38.9% of the subjects had lower concentrations than recommended in at least two tests. There was no significant difference between sexes except that 17 year old girls had significantly higher Vitamin D concentrations than boys (p=0.04). S-PTH was negatively correlated to vitamin D concentrations at ages 7, 15 and 17 but there was not a significant correlation at age 9. S-PTH values were lowest at age 7 and then increased with age. Conclusion: The majority of Icelandic children and youngsters have vitamin D concentrations under the values recommended by The Icelandic Directorate of Health. In many cases, the concentrations are repeatedly too low. It is clear that there is a need for increased vitamin D intake within this group if the goal regarding recommended concentrations is to be achieved. However, the influence of vitamin D deficiency on public health is not fully known.
Translated title of the contribution | Vitamin D status of Icelandic children and youngsters: Longitudinal study |
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Original language | Icelandic |
Pages (from-to) | 235-240 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Laeknabladid |
Volume | 106 |
Issue number | 5 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - May 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Publisher Copyright:© 2020 Laeknafelag Islands. All rights reserved.
Other keywords
- D vítamín
- Börn
- Vitamin D
- Child