The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A

A. A. Chrimes; A. J. Levan; E. R. Stanway; E. Berger; J. S. Bloom; S. B. Cenko; B. E. Cobb; A. Cucchiara; A. S. Fruchter; B. P. Gompertz; J. Hjorth; P. Jakobsson; J. D. Lyman; P. O’Brien; D. A. Perley; N. R. Tanvir; P. J. Wheatley; K. Wiersema

doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1811

The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A

A. A. Chrimes^*, A. J. Levan, E. R. Stanway, E. Berger, J. S. Bloom, S. B. Cenko, B. E. Cobb, A. Cucchiara, A. S. Fruchter, B. P. Gompertz, J. Hjorth, P. Jakobsson, J. D. Lyman, P. O’Brien, D. A. Perley, N. R. Tanvir, P. J. Wheatley, K. Wiersema

^*Corresponding author for this work

Faculty of Physical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z > 5) is small (∼15); however, these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB 100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t < 1.3 d since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB 100205A arose in the range 4 < z < 8. GRB 100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at ∼1 h post burst, could only be identified by 8-m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	902-909
Number of pages	8
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1811
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.

Funding Information:
Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, acquired through the Gemini Observatory Archive and processed using the Gemini IRAF package. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (USA), National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Minis-terio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovac¸ão (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea).

Funding Information:
AAC is supported by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant 1763016. AAC also thanks the William Edwards educational charity. AJL, ERS, and PJW have been supported by STFC consolidated grant ST/P000495/1.

Funding Information:
IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service supported from the Spanish MINECO through grant AyA2014-55216. We acknowledge the use of Ned Wright’s online cosmology calculator (Wright 2006), and Jochen Greiner’s website (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ jcg/grbgen).

Funding Information:
Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Author(s).

Other keywords

100205A – galaxies
Gamma-individual
Gamma-ray burst
High redshift

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10.1093/mnras/stz1811

Cite this

Chrimes, A. A., Levan, A. J., Stanway, E. R., Berger, E., Bloom, J. S., Cenko, S. B., Cobb, B. E., Cucchiara, A., Fruchter, A. S., Gompertz, B. P., Hjorth, J., Jakobsson, P., Lyman, J. D., O’Brien, P., Perley, D. A., Tanvir, N. R., Wheatley, P. J., & Wiersema, K. (2019). The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, (1), 902-909. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1811

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title = "The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A",

abstract = "The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z > 5) is small (∼15); however, these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB 100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t < 1.3 d since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB 100205A arose in the range 4 < z < 8. GRB 100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at ∼1 h post burst, could only be identified by 8-m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.",

keywords = "100205A – galaxies, Gamma-individual, Gamma-ray burst, High redshift",

author = "Chrimes, {A. A.} and Levan, {A. J.} and Stanway, {E. R.} and E. Berger and Bloom, {J. S.} and Cenko, {S. B.} and Cobb, {B. E.} and A. Cucchiara and Fruchter, {A. S.} and Gompertz, {B. P.} and J. Hjorth and P. Jakobsson and Lyman, {J. D.} and P. O{\textquoteright}Brien and Perley, {D. A.} and Tanvir, {N. R.} and Wheatley, {P. J.} and K. Wiersema",

note = "Funding Information: The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen{\textquoteright}s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Funding Information: Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, acquired through the Gemini Observatory Archive and processed using the Gemini IRAF package. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (USA), National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Minis-terio de Ciencia, Tecnolog{\'i}a e Innovaci{\'o}n Productiva (Argentina), Minist{\'e}rio da Ci{\^e}ncia, Tecnologia e Inovac¸{\~a}o (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Funding Information: AAC is supported by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant 1763016. AAC also thanks the William Edwards educational charity. AJL, ERS, and PJW have been supported by STFC consolidated grant ST/P000495/1. Funding Information: IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service supported from the Spanish MINECO through grant AyA2014-55216. We acknowledge the use of Ned Wright{\textquoteright}s online cosmology calculator (Wright 2006), and Jochen Greiner{\textquoteright}s website (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ jcg/grbgen). Funding Information: Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s).",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stz1811",

language = "English",

pages = "902--909",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

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Chrimes, AA, Levan, AJ, Stanway, ER, Berger, E, Bloom, JS, Cenko, SB, Cobb, BE, Cucchiara, A, Fruchter, AS, Gompertz, BP, Hjorth, J, Jakobsson, P, Lyman, JD, O’Brien, P, Perley, DA, Tanvir, NR, Wheatley, PJ & Wiersema, K 2019, 'The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, no. 1, pp. 902-909. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz1811

TY - JOUR

T1 - The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A

AU - Chrimes, A. A.

AU - Levan, A. J.

AU - Stanway, E. R.

AU - Berger, E.

AU - Bloom, J. S.

AU - Cenko, S. B.

AU - Cobb, B. E.

AU - Cucchiara, A.

AU - Fruchter, A. S.

AU - Gompertz, B. P.

AU - Hjorth, J.

AU - Jakobsson, P.

AU - Lyman, J. D.

AU - O’Brien, P.

AU - Perley, D. A.

AU - Tanvir, N. R.

AU - Wheatley, P. J.

AU - Wiersema, K.

N1 - Funding Information: The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Funding Information: Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, acquired through the Gemini Observatory Archive and processed using the Gemini IRAF package. The Gemini Observatory is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (USA), National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), Minis-terio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovac¸ão (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Funding Information: AAC is supported by Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant 1763016. AAC also thanks the William Edwards educational charity. AJL, ERS, and PJW have been supported by STFC consolidated grant ST/P000495/1. Funding Information: IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the SVO Filter Profile Service supported from the Spanish MINECO through grant AyA2014-55216. We acknowledge the use of Ned Wright’s online cosmology calculator (Wright 2006), and Jochen Greiner’s website (http://www.mpe.mpg.de/ jcg/grbgen). Funding Information: Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s).

PY - 2019/9/1

Y1 - 2019/9/1

N2 - The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z > 5) is small (∼15); however, these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB 100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t < 1.3 d since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB 100205A arose in the range 4 < z < 8. GRB 100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at ∼1 h post burst, could only be identified by 8-m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.

AB - The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z > 5) is small (∼15); however, these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB 100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t < 1.3 d since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB 100205A arose in the range 4 < z < 8. GRB 100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at ∼1 h post burst, could only be identified by 8-m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.

KW - 100205A – galaxies

KW - Gamma-individual

KW - Gamma-ray burst

KW - High redshift

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DO - 10.1093/mnras/stz1811

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The case for a high-redshift origin of GRB 100205A

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Other keywords

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