Abstract
Skjalastjórnun er einn þeirra stjórnunarþátta sem stuðla að skipulegri stjórnun fyrirtækja og
stofnana þannig að starfsemin sé rekin á hagkvæman og ábyrgan hátt. Án skjalastjórnunar er
hætta á að skjöl glatist og eyður myndist í rekstrarsamfellu fyrirtækisins. Þá styður
skjalastjórnun við stjórnun áhættu með tilliti til upplýsingaöryggis, veitir frumkvæði í gæðaog
umhverfismálum, gerir auðveldara að mæta kröfum löggjafar og reglugerða, óskum
viðskiptavina og þörfum starfsfólks. Aukin hætta er á að skjöl rati í rangar hendur eða
eyðileggist sé kerfisbundin skjalastjórnun ekki fyrir hendi auk þess sem hún stuðlar að
gegnsæi og rekjanleika í rekstrinum. Á síðustu árum hefur mikið verið hugað að stjórnun
rafrænna skjala innan stofnana og fyrirtækja. Áhersla hefur verið lögð á kerfisbundna vistun
þeirra með það fyrir augum að bæta þjónustu og rekstur. Skjalastjórnun sem starfsgrein er
tiltölulega ný af nálinni og hugtakið kom ekki til sögunnar fyrr en upp úr miðri síðustu öld.
Sú tækni sem nefnd er rafrænt skjalastjórnunarkerfi (RSSK) auðveldar að stýra upplýsinga- og
skjalaflæði innan fyrirtækja og stofnana. Áhersla á vandaða og gegnsæja stjórnsýslu sem og
krafa almennings um aðgengi að opinberum gögnum hefur skapað nauðsyn þess að stofnanir
taki í notkun RSSK. Gagnagrunnar svo sem RSSK stuðla að altækri og hagkvæmri
skjalastjórnun. En breytingar eins og að koma á skipulegri skjalastjórnun geta reynst erfiðar.
Þessi rannsókn veitir innsýn í viðhorf og þátttöku skjalastjóra í því breytingarferli sem
innleiðing RSSK er. Spurningalisti var lagður fyrir íslenska skjalastjóra sem voru aðilar að
Félagi um skjalastjórn og höfðu tekið þátt í að innleiða RSSK. Spurningalistinn innihélt m.a. 19
spurningar sem byggðu á hinum átta þrepum Kotters varðandi innleiðingu breytinga. Helstu
niðurstöður voru að skjalastjórar bera ekki fullt traust til æðstu stjórnenda til þess að viðhalda
breytingum, millistjórnendur studdu innleiðinguna ekki sem skyldi en það gerðu hins vegar
æðstu stjórnendur. Skortur var á fræðslu og þjálfun til handa skjalastjórum vegna
innleiðingarinnar. Um þriðjungur skjalastjóra sagði að innleiðingin hefði mætt andstöðu
meðal starfsmanna og um 40% upplifðu innleiðinguna sem tækifæri fremur en ógnun. Sama
hlutfall skjalastjóra sagði að viðbrögð starfsmanna við innleiðingunni hefðu verið jákvæð.
Loks benda niðurstöðurnar til þess að upplýsingamiðlun til starfsmanna hafi ekki verið ægilega góð. Til þess að yfirvinna andstöðu starfsmanna þarf að virkja þá í breytingaferlinu,
halda þeim upplýstum um ferlið og umbuna þeim fyrir að taka þátt í nýja kerfinu.
Records management is one of the functions that contribute to more efficient and responsible management within organizations. Without records management there is a risk that documents get lost and gaps are being formed in the operations of the organization. It supports risk management with respect to information security, provides initiatives in quality management and environmental issues thus making it easier to meet demands of legislation and regulations as well as meeting the wishes of customers and the needs of employees. Without systematic records management there is an increased risk that records get into the wrong hands or get destroyed. In addition it promotes transparency and traceability in operations. In recent years the management of electronic records within organizations has been given a lot of thought. An emphasis has been placed on systematic capture of these records with the aim of improving both the service and the operations. Records management as a profession is relatively new. The concept did not come to the scene until in the middle of the 20th century. The technology which has been called electronic records management systems (ERMS) helps to manage information and flow of records within organizations. Emphasis on good and transparent governance as well as public demand for access to official records has created the need for organizations to implement ERMS. Data bases such as ERMS can promote total and efficient records management. Changes such as implementing systematic records management can prove to be difficult. This research provides insight into the views and participation of records managers in the change process of implementing ERMS. A questionnaire was sent to Icelandic records managers that were members of the Icelandic Records Management Association and had experience in implementing ERMS. The questionnaire contained 19 questions based on the Kotter‘s eight steps regarding the implementation of change. The main findings were that the records managers did not have full confidence that top management would preserve the change. Middle management did not fully support the implementation which, however, enjoyed the full support of top management. There was a lack in education and training for the records managers regarding the implementation process. About one third of the records managers said that the implementation had met with resistance among employees and 40% experienced the implementation as an opportunity rather than a threat. The same proportion of records managers said that the reaction of employees to the implementation was positive. Finally, the results indicate that the dissemination of information to employees during the implementation process was not sufficient. One of the key factors in dealing with employee resistance is to involve them in the change process, keep them informed and reward them for participating in the new system.
Records management is one of the functions that contribute to more efficient and responsible management within organizations. Without records management there is a risk that documents get lost and gaps are being formed in the operations of the organization. It supports risk management with respect to information security, provides initiatives in quality management and environmental issues thus making it easier to meet demands of legislation and regulations as well as meeting the wishes of customers and the needs of employees. Without systematic records management there is an increased risk that records get into the wrong hands or get destroyed. In addition it promotes transparency and traceability in operations. In recent years the management of electronic records within organizations has been given a lot of thought. An emphasis has been placed on systematic capture of these records with the aim of improving both the service and the operations. Records management as a profession is relatively new. The concept did not come to the scene until in the middle of the 20th century. The technology which has been called electronic records management systems (ERMS) helps to manage information and flow of records within organizations. Emphasis on good and transparent governance as well as public demand for access to official records has created the need for organizations to implement ERMS. Data bases such as ERMS can promote total and efficient records management. Changes such as implementing systematic records management can prove to be difficult. This research provides insight into the views and participation of records managers in the change process of implementing ERMS. A questionnaire was sent to Icelandic records managers that were members of the Icelandic Records Management Association and had experience in implementing ERMS. The questionnaire contained 19 questions based on the Kotter‘s eight steps regarding the implementation of change. The main findings were that the records managers did not have full confidence that top management would preserve the change. Middle management did not fully support the implementation which, however, enjoyed the full support of top management. There was a lack in education and training for the records managers regarding the implementation process. About one third of the records managers said that the implementation had met with resistance among employees and 40% experienced the implementation as an opportunity rather than a threat. The same proportion of records managers said that the reaction of employees to the implementation was positive. Finally, the results indicate that the dissemination of information to employees during the implementation process was not sufficient. One of the key factors in dealing with employee resistance is to involve them in the change process, keep them informed and reward them for participating in the new system.
Original language | Icelandic |
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Pages (from-to) | 17-36 |
Journal | Research in applied business and economics |
Volume | 13 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Other keywords
- Skjalastjórnun
- Rekstrarhagræðing
- Upplýsingakerfi