Abstract
Í grein François Heenen, „Imparfait et Stéréotypes“ (Milli Mála 7,
2015), var sú kenning sett fram að franska lýsingarþátíðin (imparfait)
miðli ákveðnu ferli sem viðmælandinn fer eftir til að túlka segðina.
Þessi kenning getur að mati höfundarins útskýrt af hverju þessi tíð
er oft notuð til að tjá um óraunverulega atburði. Skýringin væri þá
sú að viðkomandi ferli leiði huga viðmælandans frá aðgengilegasta
samhenginu. Þannig getur talandinn miðlað til hans hugsunum
sem væru ekki viðeigandi í því samhengi. Í greininni er sýnt fram
hvernig þessi tilgáta varpar nýju ljósi á ýmsa notkun lýsingarþátíðar,
hefðbundna sem óhefðbundna, en sérstök áhersla er lögð á notkun
hennar í skilyrðissetningum. Höfundurinn veltir líka fyrir sér
hvernig lýsingarþátíð í skilyrðissetningum fær nútíðarmerkingu í
stað þátíðarmerkingarinnar sem einkennir hana almennt að öðru
leyti. Að mati hans er það vegna þess að segðin er túlkuð sem
endurhugsun (metarepresentation) annarrar segðar sem inniheldur
sögn í nútíð. Þá er engin ástæða til að gera ráð fyrir að þátíðarmerking
og háttarmerking lýsingarþátíðar séu í fyllidreifingu, eins og
margir fræðimenn hafa talið.
This paper proposes a new analysis of the modal value of the French imparfait based on the hypothesis which was made in François Heenen that this tense encodes a procedural meaning. According to the author, the procedure forces the addressee to treat the utterance without making use of the most immediate context. This constraint on inferential operations allows the locutor to communicate thoughts which would not be relevant if they were treated through that immediate context. The analysis emphasizes especially the function of the French imparfait in hypothetical phrases but the explanation should also shed light on other non-standard uses like counterfactual imparfait or imparfait of politeness as well as standard use like the back-ground imparfait. Another related topic discussed in this paper is the present value of imparfait in hypothetical phrases. According to the author, this is not due to a complementary link between modality and temporality, as many grammarians and linguists have suggested, but to a case of interpretive use of language.
This paper proposes a new analysis of the modal value of the French imparfait based on the hypothesis which was made in François Heenen that this tense encodes a procedural meaning. According to the author, the procedure forces the addressee to treat the utterance without making use of the most immediate context. This constraint on inferential operations allows the locutor to communicate thoughts which would not be relevant if they were treated through that immediate context. The analysis emphasizes especially the function of the French imparfait in hypothetical phrases but the explanation should also shed light on other non-standard uses like counterfactual imparfait or imparfait of politeness as well as standard use like the back-ground imparfait. Another related topic discussed in this paper is the present value of imparfait in hypothetical phrases. According to the author, this is not due to a complementary link between modality and temporality, as many grammarians and linguists have suggested, but to a case of interpretive use of language.
Original language | French |
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Pages (from-to) | 93-117 |
Journal | Milli mála – Tímarit um erlend tungumál og menningu |
Volume | 8 |
Publication status | Published - 2016 |
Other keywords
- Tíðbeyging
- Þátíð
- Lýsingarháttur þátíðar
- Franska
- Modal use of past tense
- French imparfait
- Relevance Theory
- Choice of context